Emerging Antibiotic Resistance in Psedomonas and Acinetobacter Strains Isolated from ICU Patients: Comparison of Years

Objectives: Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp. which are usually resistant to many antibiotics, are the most important infectious pathogens in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of these agents and to follow variation in resistance among the years of 1999, 2006 and 2009. Methods: The resistance rates of various antibiotics for 21, 38 and 54 acinetobacter and 26, 44 and 66 pseudomonas bacteria which were isolated from blood cultures of ICU patients in years 1999, 2006 and 2009 respectively were compared with Fischer’s qui square test statistically. Results: The most effective antibiotics were amikacin (88%), cephaperazone-sulbactam (85%), piperacillin-tazobactam (85%), ceftazidim (75%) and imipenem (75%) for Pseudomonas spp. and imipenem (76%),cephaperazone-sulbactam (71%), ciprofloxacin (52%) and amikacin (48%) for Acinetobacter spp. in 1999. Decreasing sensivities to amikacin (76%), c e p h a p e r a z o n e s u l b a c t a m ( 5 3 % ) , piperacillin-tazobactam (71%), ceftazidim (53%) and imipenem (64%) for Pseudomonas spp. and decreasing sensivit ies to imipenem (28%), cephaperazone-sulbactam (37%), ciprofloxacin (13%) and amikacin (17%), piperacillin for Acinetobacter spp in 2009 were significant (p<0,05). Conclusions: These results suggested that significant res is tance deve lopment fo r im ipenem, cephaperazone-sulbactam and ciprofloxacin occurred aga ins t ac i ne tobac te r s t r a i ns and f o r cephaperazone-sulbactam, amikacin and ceftazidime against pseudomonas strains. Increased resistance in our ICU is significant in Acinetobacter spp. The usage of some antibiot ics have been l imited and multidrug-resistant or pan-resistant strains have been monitorized by infection control committee of our hospital. Protective measures like good hand hygiene, strict contact isolation and control strategies for rational antibiotic usage may be effective factors for infection control caused by these pathogens in ICUs.